Hypatia of Alexandria was a brilliant philosopher and mathematician in the 4th century Byzantine Empire. Born around 355, she lived in Alexandria, a city founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC. Alexandria was famous for its cultural sophistication and the Library of Alexandria, which held over half a million scrolls. Despite its intellectual atmosphere, the city was plagued by ignorance, slavery, violence, and religious conflict among Christians, Jews, and pagans.

Hypatia was a remarkable woman for her time, known for her intelligence, beauty, and courage. She was a pagan and openly expressed her views, which put her at odds with the dominant Christian beliefs. Her friend, the civil governor Orestes, supported the separation of church and state and defended her. However, this made her a target for Cyril, a powerful Christian bishop who expelled Jews from the city and clashed with Orestes.

Although Hypatia was not directly involved in the religious conflicts, her friendship with Orestes and her pagan beliefs made her an easy target for religious extremists. A magistrate named Peter the Lector gathered a group of zealots who attacked her after a lecture. They dragged her from her carriage, stripped her, and brutally killed her using roofing tiles and oyster shells, skinning her alive. Her remains were torn apart and burned, and the University of Alexandria, where she taught, was destroyed.

Hypatia’s death led to a mass exodus of intellectuals and artists from Alexandria, and the city became more dominated by Christian power. Despite her tragic end, Hypatia’s legacy as a defender of knowledge and freedom lives on. She symbolizes the struggle against intolerance and the fight for intellectual freedom, remembered hundreds of years after her assassination.

Re-reported from the article originally posted in Kamran’s post on Facebook.